American Board of Pathology (ABPath) Practice Test 2025 - Free Pathology Exam Practice Questions and Study Guide

Mirizzi Syndrome is characterized by a gallstone lodged in the cystic duct that leads to inflammation and compression of the common bile duct. This can happen when the gallstone causes obstruction in the cystic duct and results in swelling and inflammation that can extend to the adjacent common bile duct. Consequently, this compression can result in symptoms related to biliary obstruction, such as jaundice, fever, and right upper quadrant pain.

Cholecystitis, while related, specifically refers to inflammation of the gallbladder, often due to obstruction, but does not necessarily involve the common bile duct. Liver Cirrhosis is a chronic liver condition characterized by fibrosis and has a different pathophysiological basis not directly related to gallstones. Portal Vein Thrombosis pertains to obstruction of the portal vein itself, which is unrelated to gallstones and inflammation of the bile ducts.

Thus, Mirizzi Syndrome aptly describes the scenario presented in the question, involving a stone obstructing the cystic duct with consequent inflammation affecting the common duct.